The rapid advancement and in-depth development of industrialization and urbanization in China has brought about rapid economic growth and great material wealth, but it has also paid a huge environmental cost. By the end of 2013, China had become the world's second largest economy after the United States. However, due to low energy utilization efficiency and extensive economic development mode, China is also the world's largest energy consumer, the largest CO2 emitter and the largest SO2 emitter. Environment pollution has become the important factor that restricts sustainable development of our country's economy.

At present, China is in a critical period of economic development, industrialization and urbanization are steadily advancing, and this trend is expected to continue in the next two to three decades. As an important symbol of national modernization, urbanization is an inevitable outcome of economic and social development and a driving force for further economic and social development. Over the past 30 years of reform and opening up, China's urban population has increased by nearly 500 million, such a large-scale urban and rural population transfer, rarely seen in the world, not only changed the fate of hundreds of millions of farmers, but also an important reason for rapid economic development. With the rapid expansion of population, urban resources have been consumed in large quantities, and the problem of environmental pollution has been intensified, which has led to a variety of social problems. Although the Chinese government has always emphasized that attention should be paid to the construction of ecological civilization in the promotion of urbanization, the overall deterioration of environmental conditions has not been effectively curbed, environmental problems are prominent, and pressure continues to increase, water pollution is serious in some key river basins and sea areas, the phenomenon of atmospheric haze is prominent in some regions and cities, and the discharge of major pollutants in many regions exceeds the environmental capacity. How to maximize the positive role of urbanization, eliminate or reduce its negative impact, and establish a urbanization pattern in line with the national conditions is a problem we must face in the process of urbanization development in our country.

The study of environmental development in this book is based on the perspective of urban ecological transformation, and adopts a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods, focusing on environmental protection issues in the process of urban development. First of all, we look to the world, focusing on the problem of carbon emissions in environmental pollution, analyze the progress of carbon emissions trading mechanism in various countries in the world, through the timely summary of the experience and lessons of different countries, put forward China's carbon emissions trading market policy recommendations, the relevant conclusion has strong practical significance for the construction of low-carbon cities in China; In fact, based on 36 provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central Government, the study set aside another layer of environmental factors - urbanization, to study the relationship between China's new urbanization and environmental protection; Thirdly, from the surface to the point, the paper analyzes the ecological efficiency of Anhui Province, and focuses on the impact of environmental pollution on the ecological efficiency of Anhui Province. Finally, the paper analyzes the cases of Tianjin, Bengbu, Suzhou and Chongqing, and analyzes their environmental development problems according to the different conditions of different cities.

The content of this book is a summary of the long-term research work of the special area of Environmental and sustainable Development Statistics of Anhui University of Finance and Economics. In recent years, the research team led by Professor Song Malin has studied the issue of sustainable economic development from the perspective of urban ecological transformation, and has made important progress on a series of hot issues. In the process of writing the book, a number of graduate students from Anhui University of Finance and Economics participated in the relevant research work to varying degrees, and a number of young talents emerged. Professor Song Malin was responsible for the overall framework design, organization and drafting. The first chapter was completed by Cui Lianbiao and Shen Yongchang. The second chapter is completed by Yuan Shuaishuai, Cui Lianbiao and Zhang Kemeng. The third chapter is completed by Rui Yuan, Song Malin and Tao Jun. The fourth chapter is completed by Tang Shuai, Song Malin and Wu Mengjie; The fifth chapter is completed by Shen Yongchang, Cui Lianbiao and Song Malin.

Of course, we are well aware that the content described in this book is only an exploration of environmental protection issues in the process of urban development, which is the preliminary research results. However, we believe that starting from these aspects can promote academic research on the development of urban environment and play a supporting role for the promotion of new urbanization in our country. Limited to the scope of our knowledge and academic level, there are inevitably shortcomings in the book, please criticize and correct!

compiler

December 2014